phases of the cell cycle

phases of the cell cycle

 Q: What are the main phases of the cell cycle?

A: The cell cycle consists of interphase (G1, S, G2 phases) and the mitotic phase (mitosis and cytokinesis).

Q: What occurs during the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

A: The G1 phase is the first gap phase where the cell grows, carries out normal functions, and prepares for DNA synthesis.

Q: What is the significance of the S phase in the cell cycle?

A: The S phase is where DNA synthesis occurs, leading to the replication of chromosomes.

Q: Describe the events of the G2 phase.

A: In the G2 phase, the cell continues to grow, synthesizes proteins, and prepares for cell division.

Q: What happens during mitosis?

A: Mitosis is the process of nuclear division where a cell's duplicated chromosomes are distributed into two nuclei, resulting in two identical daughter cells.

Q: What is cytokinesis, and when does it occur in the cell cycle?

A: Cytokinesis is the division of the cell's cytoplasm and organelles. It typically occurs after mitosis, completing the cell division process.

Q: How does the cell ensure accurate DNA replication during the cell cycle?

A: Checkpoints in the cell cycle, such as the G1/S and G2/M checkpoints, ensure accurate DNA replication and proper progression through the phases.

Q: Why is the G1 checkpoint crucial for the cell cycle?

A: The G1 checkpoint assesses the cell's health and DNA integrity before deciding whether the cell should enter the S phase and proceed with DNA synthesis.

Q: What triggers the initiation of mitosis?

A: Mitosis is triggered by the completion of DNA replication in the S phase and is regulated by various checkpoints and signaling molecules.

Q: How does the cell cycle contribute to growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues in multicellular organisms?

A: The cell cycle allows for the growth of tissues through cell division, the repair of damaged tissues by replacing lost or injured cells, and the maintenance of tissue integrity.